Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms and ions

Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms and ions: S and S^2-; Al and Al³⁺; H and H^-

Answer
(i) S and S^2-
The number of valence electrons in sulphur is 6.
The Lewis dot symbol of sulphur (S) is
The dinegative charge infers that there will be two electrons more in addition to the six
valence electrons. Hence, the Lewis dot symbol of S^2- is
(ii) Al and Al³⁺
The number of valence electrons in aluminium is 3.
The Lewis dot symbol of aluminium (Al) is
The tri positive charge on a species infers that it has donated its three electrons
(iii) H and H^-
The number of valence electrons in hydrogen is 1. The Lewis dot symbol of hydrogen (H) is
The uninegative charge infers that there will be one electron more in addition to the one valence electron. Hence, the Lewis dot symbol is